Noise pollion, also known as sound pollution, is the propagation of noise or sound that can have various harmful impacts on human and animal life. The sources of outdoor noise pollution are primarily machines, transportation systems, and industrial activities.
In urban areas, poor planning can lead to noise pollution, especially when industrial and residential buildings are in close proximity. Common sources of noise in residential areas include loud music, traffic, airplanes, construction, and more. Research indicates that noise pollution is particularly high in low-income and minority neighborhoods in the United States.
Environmental noise, which encompasses all noise present in a specific environment, can have emotional, physiological, and psychological effects on individuals. While low levels of noise may not be harmful, exposure to environmental noise can lead to interference with speech, annoyance, sleep disturbances, anxiety, hearing damage, and cardiovascular health issues. Governments worldwide regulate and monitor environmental noise to mitigate its adverse effects. Noise is measured in decibels using sound level meters over extended periods and under various weather conditions.
Efforts to control noise pollution involve strategies such as transportation noise control, architectural design, urban planning regulations, and occupational noise control. Roadway and aircraft noise are significant contributors to environmental noise pollution. Various techniques exist to address interior sound levels and reduce overall noise impact.
Regulations at national, state, provincial, and municipal levels govern environmental noise by setting recommended maximum noise levels for different land uses like residential areas or schools. Mitigation strategies include source intensity controls, land-use planning measures, noise barriers, time-of-day usage regulations, vehicle operational controls, and architectural acoustics design considerations.
In conclusion, noise pollution poses a significant threat to human health and well-being as well as the environment. Addressing this issue requires a multi-faceted approach involving regulatory measures, urban planning strategies, technological advancements in noise control, and public awareness campaigns to minimize the harmful effects of excessive noise on individuals and communities.
Citations:
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_pollution